Latest Threads
Latest
Greatest Threads
Greatest
Lobby
Lobby
Journals
Journals
Search
Search
Options
Options
Help
Help
Login
Login
Home » Discuss » Journals » Time for change » Read entry Donate to DU
Advertise Liberally! The Liberal Blog Advertising Network
Advertise on more than 70 progressive blogs!
THE UNFULFILLED PROMISE
Posted by Time for change in General Discussion (1/22-2007 thru 12/14/2010)
Sat Nov 15th 2008, 02:39 PM
This whole situation, though typical of Bush administration actions connected with its “War on Terror”, absolutely reeks of Orwellian doublespeak and manipulation and disregard for the rule of law and human rights: The Bush administration received th
This story was difficult to piece together because of the intense secrecy pervading everything the Bush administration does. But thanks to the unstinting efforts of several human rights attorneys and other activists, a reasonably clear picture has emerged. This is just the latest of multiple abominations perpetrated by the Bush administration in pursuit of its “War on Terror”. It provides one more reason why the incoming Obama administration needs to do something about this as soon as it feasibly can.


How the Uyghurs came to be detained at Guantanamo Bay

The Uyghur people are a Muslim ethnic group from Central Asia who live primarily in a specific region of northwestern China. In China they are a persecuted minority.

Information on how more than 20 of them ended up in Guantanamo Bay comes mainly from interrogations and court documents: Apparently, as a result of persecution by the Chinese government, many of them fled China in 2001. Many of them subsequently ended up in Afghanistan, where they received military training, probably provided by the Taliban. When the U.S. military invaded Afghanistan in December 2001, many of the Uyghurs fled to Pakistan. Some of them were then picked up by bounty hunters and delivered to the U.S. Army, whereupon they were declared “unlawful enemy combatants” and sent to Guantanamo Bay, where they have remained imprisoned for several years.

Here is some testimony from one of the detainees, which explains his motives:

That is true, I went to Afghanistan. The reason is number one: I am scared of the torture from my home country. Second: if I go there I will get some training to fight back against the (deleted) government…

We have nothing to do with the Taliban or the Arabs. We have nothing to do with the U.S. government or coalition forces… I want you to understand what our goal is: just to fight against the (deleted) government.


Detention at Guantanamo Bay as “unlawful enemy combatants”

The Uyghurs were then held at Guantanamo Bay for approximately two years with the designation of “unlawful enemy combatants”, but they were not charged with any crimes, they were not given access to a lawyer, and their families were not notified of their whereabouts. Why the designation of “unlawful enemy combatant”? That’s the designation given by the Bush administration to anyone for whom they want to deny all legal and human rights. Though patently illegal under international law, Bush and his henchmen believe that the designation gives them some kind of excuse to do whatever they please with their prisoners.

Why is it so important to deny these prisoners access to a courtroom, lawyers, or their family? Jane Mayer, in her book, “The Dark Side – The Inside Story of How the War on Terror Turned into a War on American Ideals”, explains why. Because of the Bush administration’s penchant for abusing and torturing their prisoners, any lifting of the veil of secrecy is likely to embarrass them.

It all started with the first prisoner in George Bush’s “War on Terror”, John Walker Lindh, otherwise known as “The American Taliban”. At Lindh’s trial, numerous incidents of procedural misconduct came to light, and subsequently Lindh’s lawyer obtained a plea bargain whereby Lindh pleaded guilty to one non-terrorist related crime in return for the government dropping the other nine counts. Mayer describes the lessons that the Bush administration learned from its first prosecution of a “terrorist”:

What John Walker Lindh taught the Bush Administration was that open criminal trials under the strict rules of the American legal system were not worth the risk (of embarrassment to the Bush administration that is). In the future, enemy prisoners would have to be held safely outside the reach of U.S. law, where they could by questioned without legal interference and tried under rules more favorable to the prosecution – if they were tried at all.

But due to constant and aggressive pressure from civil rights organizations, the Bush administration was forced to make various concessions. After being held at Guantanamo without charges for almost two years, in 2003 the Bush administration was finally forced to reassess the status of the Uyghurs. The result was that the “unlawful enemy combatant” label was withdrawn from 15 of them, and they were cleared to go.

But they weren’t released. Nor were they even informed that they had been cleared of terrorism charges.


October 4th, 2008 court order to release the Uyghur detainees

Why weren’t the Uyghurs released after their “unlawful enemy combatant” status was withdrawn? The first reason that they weren’t released is that they would likely be executed or tortured or both if they were returned to China, and the Bush administration couldn’t find another country that would accept them. But why then couldn’t they be released into the United States?

Initially, the Bush administration presented no answer to that question. Consequently, lawyers for the detainees took the case to the District Court for the District of Columbia, to obtain their release. Subsequently, on October 4th, Judge Ricardo Urbina ordered their release.

An e-mail that I recently received from Amnesty International (AI) explained Judge Urbina’s reasoning:

Judge Urbina pointed out that it was the government that had taken the Uyghurs to Guantanamo; had not charged them with any crime or presented any "reliable evidence that they would pose a threat to US interests"; and it is the government that has "stymied" its own efforts to find a third country solution by labeling the Uyghurs until recently as "enemy combatants". Judge Urbina also noted that there were individuals and organizations ready and willing to support the Uyghurs upon resettlement in the USA "by providing housing, employment, money, education and other spiritual and social services".

Judge Urbina had asked the government what threat the Uyghurs would pose if released into the USA, but the government did not produce any evidence of such a threat.

Consequently, a U.S. Court of Appeals judge noted that:

The government had presented "no evidence" that the Uyghurs pose a threat to the US national security "or the safety of the community or any person". She added that the fact that one or more of the Uyghurs received training in firearms "cannot alone show they are dangerous, unless millions of United States resident citizens who had received firearms training are deemed to be dangerous".


Bush administration refusal to obey Judge Urbina’s court order

Subsequently, to avoid complying with the order of the District Court, the Bush administration obtained an emergency stay from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit to continue to detain the prisoners, pending their review of the case. The Bush administration has made several points in defense of their position:

The Imperial Presidency argument:

The US administration argues that Judge Urbina's order should be reversed because "unless otherwise authorized by law, no court has the power to review the Executive’s decision to exclude an alien from this country".

The “Uyghurs are dangerous” argument:

Now, in its bid to have the order overturned, it has portrayed the Uyghurs as dangerous individuals, who "sought to wage terror on a sovereign government" and who had received "weapons training" in Afghanistan after they fled there from China.

The immigration law / “national security” argument:

The government argues that even if the Uyghurs "were standing at the Nation's borders", they would likely not be allowed in on security grounds, under the broadly worded US immigration law.

And lastly, the Bush administration argues that releasing the Uyghurs into the U.S. could complicate its efforts to find another country to accept them. Amnesty International has an answer to that last argument:

The fact is, however, that any such efforts by the US State Department – unsuccessful for years – have already been undermined by the government’s own conduct – its prior labeling of the detainees as "enemy combatants" and its more recent campaign of innuendo labeling them as dangerous.


Conditions under which the Uyghurs are held at Guantanamo Bay

AI described the conditions under which the Uyghurs are currently detained:

In its briefs to the Court of Appeals, the government has painted a benign picture of the conditions in which the Uyghurs are now "housed"…

But while the Uyghurs' current conditions are less harsh than those they have endured previously… they are isolated from the outside world, surrounded by fencing and razor wire, monitored by armed guards and 24-hour camera surveillance, and with only a small space for recreation. They are shackled to the floor for visits with lawyers.

With respect to the last statement: One of the Uyghurs’ lawyers, after finally being allowed access to his clients, in later court testimony described one of his clients as “chained to the floor in a box with no windows”.

This is, however, a great improvement over the conditions under which they had previously been detained for several years.


Why is the Bush administration really so intent on continuing to imprison innocent people?

We don’t know for sure what the real reason is for the indefinite and illegal detention of the Uyghurs. But some clues are evident in a 58-page court filing of December 2006, by the Uyghurs’ lawyers. In that document the lawyers argued first that the Bush administration had never produced any evidence to suggest that the Uyghurs were guilty of anything, or any other evidence to support their continued detention. Furthermore:

The lawyers… allege in the court documents that their clients' detention was one of several demands the Chinese government solicited in mid-2002 as the United States was seeking global support for toppling Saddam Hussein…

“In the crisis atmosphere of the time, the interests of a few dozen refugees paled beside the urgency of the Administration's war plans," the lawsuit said. "The Iraq deal sealed the fate of the seven petitioners here. More than four years have passed. Long-discarded pawns in a diplomatic match between superpowers, petitioners today remain illegally imprisoned at Guantanamo."

Statements made by then Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage regarding his discussions with Chinese officials in 2002 lend considerable support to the allegations of the Uyghurs’ lawyers.


Concluding remarks

This whole situation, though typical of Bush administration actions connected with its “War on Terror”, absolutely reeks of Orwellian doublespeak and manipulation and disregard for the rule of law and human rights: The Bush administration received the Uyghurs from bounty hunters in 2001 and, rather than investigate the appropriateness of their detention, simply classified them all as “unlawful enemy combatants”, in order to justify their indefinite detention without charges, under inhumane conditions devoid of any human rights. Almost two years later, after being forced to review their status, the Bush administration cleared the majority of them of terrorist related activity and withdrew their label of “unlawful enemy combatant” – but continued to hold them in detention. After receiving a court order to release the detainees to the United States, in order to avoid complying with that order, the Bush administration applied for and received an emergency stay, based on claims that: 1) The Bush administration is not required to comply with court orders on this subject; 2) Though the Uyghurs have not been charged with any crime after almost 7 years of detention, they are nevertheless too dangerous to be released; 3) Releasing them into our country would violate our immigration laws and jeopardize our national security; and 4) Releasing them into the United States would jeopardize the Bush administration’s efforts to find another country to take them in – efforts which have been unsuccessful after 7 years of effort (or non-effort).

As bad as this is, it is not at all atypical of George Bush’s “War on Terror”. Though we have repeatedly been told that George Bush’s “War on Terror” prisoners are “the worst of the worst”, the facts tell a very different story: An investigation of the Abu Ghraib prison scandal concluded that “A lack of proper screening meant that many innocent Iraqis were being detained (in some cases indefinitely) and that 60% of civilian prisoners at Abu Ghraib were deemed not to be a threat to society”; The International Red Cross said that between 70 percent and 90 percent of the persons deprived of their liberty in Iraq had been arrested by mistake; a study of our Guantanamo Bay detainees, using our government’s own records, found that 60% of our detainees at Guantanamo were thrown into prison for an indefinite period of time without charges or trial merely because they were claimed to be “associated with” a group or groups that our government asserts to be a terrorist organization (only 8% were deemed to be associated with al Qaeda), and; a CIA intelligence analyst who was summoned to Guantanamo Bay to discover why the CIA was able to obtain so little useful information from its detainees:

concluded that an estimated one third of the prison camp’s population of more than 600 captives… had no connection to terrorism whatsoever. If the intelligence haul was meager, his findings suggested, one reason was that many of the detainees knew little or nothing… Many, he felt sure, “were just caught in a dragnet. They were not fighters… They should not have been there…. By imprisoning innocent Muslims indefinitely, outside the reach of any legal review", he said, “I thought we were going to lose a whole damn generation” in the Arab world… Guantanamo was making the world more dangerous…"

Discuss (10 comments) | Recommend (+11 votes)
The Unfulfilled Promise
The Unfulfilled Promise of the American Dream: The Widening Gap between the Reality of the United States and its Highest Ideals




Time for change


Notwithstanding the lofty sentiments and purpose of the U.S. Declaration of Independence, the reality of the United States of America did not then – and never has – lived up to its ideal. Our nation remains today a long way from fulfilling the promise implied by those ideals. Yet, our Declaration was a great start, and it has long shone as a beacon of hope for people all over the world.

Throughout our history, while many have striven to close the gap between our highest ideals and the reality of our nation, others have focused on the accumulation of private wealth and power, at the expense of everyone else. In recent decades the latter have gained much ground, leading to increasing imperialism abroad and deteriorating democracy at home, characterized by routine (and legal) bribery of our public officials, the fusion of government and private corporate interests (corporatocracy), a corrupt election system largely in the hands of private corporations, a corporate controlled communications media, and the widespread acceptance of Executive Branch secrecy, routinely justified with little if any questioning, by the magic words “national security”. All of this is rapidly turning our country from the democracy proclaimed at our founding into a plutocracy (government by the wealthy and for the wealthy). The result is the most obscene wealth gap our country has ever known, the highest imprisonment rate in the world, rampant militarism, routine flaunting of international law, the least efficient health care system in the developed world, a pending environmental catastrophe that threatens to destroy the life sustaining forces of our planet, and myriad other problems that threaten to destroy our nation and tyrannize our people.

My new book, The Unfulfilled Promise of the American Dream – The Widening Gap between the Reality of the United States and its Highest Ideals, explores the roots and consequences of the demise of our democracy, and why most Americans have been unable to understand this process or even become aware of it. A good understanding of why and how we have deviated so greatly from the ideals of our nation is the first and necessary step towards getting back on the right track and revitalizing our society.

The book is currently being sold in electronic PDF format and can be purchased at http://www.unfulfilledpromise.com/Buy-the-... for $3.99. It will also soon be available in Amazon Kindle format. DU members who cannot afford to buy the book but would like to read it can pm me with your e-mail address, and I will send you a free PDF copy.

I’ve previously posted on DU a slightly earlier version of the introduction to the book, which is also posted at my site. Here is the Table of Contents, followed by a brief description of the three parts of the book:


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction
Acknowledgements
Prologue – What is Wrong with the United States of America?

Part I – Root Causes of the Impending Demise of American Democracy
Chapter 1 – Legalized Bribery
Chapter 2 – Human Psychological Factors
Chapter 3 – Corporatocracy
Chapter 4 – Corporate Control of Media
Chapter 5 – Corrupt Election System
Chapter 6 – Government Secrecy
Chapter 7 – American Exceptionalism

Part II – A Sampling of Imperialist Actions
Chapter 8 – Slavery and its Legacy
Chapter 9 – Early U.S. Imperialism
Chapter 10 – U.S. Imperialism in Cold War
Chapter 11 – Iraq War and Occupation
Chapter 12 – Afghanistan War

Part III – Consequences
Chapter 13 – Election of George W. Bush
Chapter 14 – War and Imperialism
Chapter 15 – Class Warfare
Chapter 16 – Predator Financial Class
Chapter 17 – Shock Therapy
Chapter 18 – Contempt for Int. Law
Chapter 19 – The “War on Drugs”
Chapter 20 – Climate Change
Chapter 21 – “War on Terror”
Chapter 22 – Health Care
Chapter 23 – Unaccountable government
Chapter 24 – Response to 9/11 Attacks
Epilogue


PART I – Root Causes of the Impending Demise of American Democracy

It is somewhat difficult to separate the causes of our problems from their consequences, since they combine to form a long chain of cause leading to consequence, leading to more consequences, etcetera. Nevertheless, it seems worth while to identify the root causes of our problems, those that occur early in the chain and lead to so many of the tragic consequences we see today. The only chance we have of reversing the demise of our democracy is through addressing and attacking its root causes.

At the top of the list is the systematic bribery of public officials by the powerful corporations (Chapter 1) whom our government is charged with regulating in the public interest. Instead of calling it bribery, we call it “campaign contributions”, but what we call it isn’t as important as what it is. It is hard to fathom how democracy can survive when such a practice is legal and condoned.

Working in tandem with our system of legalized bribery is the nature of the people who inhabit our country. That is not to say that Americans are inherently substantially different than any other people. Human beings are imperfect, and that is probably a major reason why in a world where civilization began more than five millennia ago, the oldest written national framework of government in the world today – the Constitution of the United States of America – is only a little more than two and a quarter centuries old. Chapter 2 explores the roles of basic human needs, authoritarianism, psychological defense mechanisms used to prevent us from perceiving reality as it is rather than as we’d like it to be, and corrupted ideologies in causing us to passively accept the accumulation of power in the hands of ambitious and ruthless individuals who care about little else than expanding their own wealth and power.

When bribery of public officials is tolerated as an inevitable aspect of public life, government inevitably grows close to the wealthy interests that shower it with money in return for legislative and other favors. A malevolent symbiosis grows between the state and corporate power, resulting in rule by an oligarchy that is highly detrimental to the lives of ordinary people (Chapter 3). Using their accumulated wealth and power to manipulate our legislative process, the oligarchy grabs for more and more control of the communications media (Chapter 4) that are used to control the information available to and shape the attitudes of our nation’s people, in pursuit of their own narrow interests.

Since the 1980s an orchestrated campaign has been underway to demonize “big government”, thereby paving the way for private corporate control over more and more functions that were previously deemed intrinsic functions of government. Among those functions is the running of public elections (Chapter 5) – the function that symbolizes democracy perhaps more than any other single function. Consequently, the purging of selected registered voters from our computerized voter rolls has become a routine recurring event throughout much of our country, and without a doubt determined the results of the 2000 – and probably 2004 as well – presidential election. Just as bad, more and more of the counting of votes in our public elections have been turned over to private corporations, which count our votes using electronic machines using secret software to produce vote counts that cannot be verified by anyone.

Bribery, the fusion of government and private interest, fake and biased news, and corrupt elections are not things that government and its corporate allies want us to know about. Consequently, they construct walls of secrecy (Chapter 6) to keep us from obtaining information that sheds light on their activities. The perfect phrase for facilitating this is “national security”. When our government tells us that the “national security” requires that certain things be kept secret from us, the understanding is that to question such a pronouncement is unpatriotic, and to actually attempt to obtain the “secret” information may be treasonous.

But indefinitely maintaining secrets from the American people can be very difficult, because at least some people want to know what their government is up to. So in addition to the formal mechanisms of secrecy, informal mechanisms are constructed (Chapter 7) to keep vital information away from us. One of the primary methods for doing this is to make certain sensitive subjects taboo – that is, to create the widespread belief that discussion of these topics is so outside the bounds of acceptable human discourse that anyone who discusses them should be shunned by society, or worse. The most common issue that falls into this category is any discussion that sheds light on the disparity between American ideals and the reality of life in our country today.


PART II – A Sampling of Imperialist Actions in U.S. History

Notwithstanding the fact that our founding document says that “all men are created equal” and speaks of the inalienable rights of humankind, the United States has throughout its history partaken of massive exploitation of other peoples.

It is estimated that at the time of our birth, 18% of our population was black slaves. In our expansion westwards during the late 18th and 19th centuries, we decimated the original inhabitants of our continent, and often treated them with great cruelty. In 1846 we manufactured an excuse for war with our neighbor Mexico, in which we continued to expand our country westwards and southwards. In 1893 we began our overseas imperialism with the conquest of Hawaii. Our overseas expansion was greatly accelerated in 1898 with our participation in the Spanish-American War, which led to our conquest of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. With our arrival at world superpower status at the end of World War II, we began the Cold War, which led to and served as a rationalization for covert and/or direct military actions against myriad foreign nations over the next 46 years. With the September 11, 2001 attacks on our country, we declared a perpetual “War on Terror”, which served and continues to serve as an excuse to invade and occupy Iraq and Afghanistan, nations that posed no threat to us. We do not know when or if this perpetual war will ever end. We don’t know how many additional imperial conquests it will lead to.

Most Americans don’t think much about all this. Many of these actions are done in secrecy, and the American people don’t find out about them until many years later – or we never find out about them at all. Those that we do know about are spun into the most favorable light, to make them seem benign or even noble.

But these actions come at great costs: in the lives of our soldiers; in the ruined lives of the peoples of the victim countries; in trillions of dollars cost to our people and their future generations; in our international reputation; in anti-American hatred leading to terrorism; and, to our democracy itself. For how can a nation claim to believe in the inalienable rights of humankind specified in its founding document, while making a mockery of that belief in the way it treats other peoples? For that reason alone it is worth while to take a brief look at our long history of imperialist actions.


PART III – Consequences

In the Prologue I give a brief account of what I see as some of the worst and tragic consequences of the root causes that I discuss in Part I – to enable the reader to see where this book is heading. When elections of our public officials are for sale to the highest bidder… when our public officials are so addicted to the “campaign contributions” of their wealthiest constituents that they develop a symbiotic relationship with them… when our communications media are owned and controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy elites… when our citizenry lack the ability to differentiate propaganda from reality… when we allow machines provided by private corporations to count our votes using secret electronic software… then we should expect that the consequences will not be pretty or comfortable for the vast majority of our citizens.

In Part III, I explore those consequences in much greater detail, in the hope that the reader will agree with me that these are very serious problems, and that they must be successfully addressed if our country is ever to fulfill the promise of its ideals, or even make progress in that direction. When enough Americans recognize our problems as problems, stripped of the gloss and spin put on them by our oligarchy, they will rise up and do something about them. Until then there will be no progress, and we are very likely to head in the direction of all the former empires of our planet, ending in chaos, widespread catastrophe, suffering, and ignominy.

Profile Information
Time for change
Click to send private message to this author Click to view this author's profile Click to add this author to your buddy list Click to add this author to your ignore list
DU Donor DU Donor
12554 posts
Member since Thu Dec 2nd 2004
Silver Spring, MD, US
Male
Visitor Tools
Use the tools below to keep track of updates to this Journal.
The Usual Suspects
Greatest Threads
The ten most recommended threads posted on the Democratic Underground Discussion Forums in the last 24 hours.
StarStar
AlienGirl has passed away
16 recs : By Contrary1
Star
My Forums
Democratic Underground forums and groups from my "My Forums" list.
Random Journal
Random Journal
 
Home  |  Discussion Forums  |  Journals  |  Campaigns  |  Links  |  Store  |  Donate
About DU  |  Contact Us  |  Privacy Policy
Got a message for Democratic Underground? Click here to send us a message.