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THE UNFULFILLED PROMISE
Posted by Time for change in General Discussion (1/22-2007 thru 12/14/2010)
Fri Feb 13th 2009, 11:00 PM
There are many problems with our system for financing political campaigns in our country. In this post I single out one of them, “money bundling”, since it seems to me to be such an obvious source of corruption and, more generally, a facilitator of fascism.

“Money bundling” is the process whereby a single person, typically the CEO, owner, or other high level personage of a wealthy corporation, collects money from hundreds of individuals and hands it over to a political candidate as a “campaign contribution”.


The purpose of money bundling is to avoid our campaign finance laws limiting individual contributions

The most obvious thing wrong with this picture is that it is a blatant attempt to avoid our campaign finance laws. The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002, better known as the McCain-Feingold Act, among other things established inflation-adjusted individual contribution limits for political campaigns. In 2009-2010, those limits are $2,400 per individual per election.

The purpose of these limits is obvious. If there are no caps on campaign contributions by individuals, then they can contribute hundreds of thousands or even millions of dollars to a political candidate, and that political candidate will probably feel obligated to return the favor by passing legislation favorable to the contributor. The return on an investment of even millions of dollars in campaign contributions, which is a drop in the bucket for some individuals and corporations, could be, and usually is many times the original investment/“campaign contribution”.

But through the use of money bundling, individuals are able to collect huge donations, running in the hundreds of thousands or even millions of dollars, and present the whole bundle to a political candidate. Obviously, the political candidate doesn’t give a damn about the original source of the money. All he knows is that Mr. X gave him the money. Since Mr. X gave him the money, he owes a favor to Mr. X. The effect can be exactly as if there were no limit whatsoever on individual contributions. Why on earth was such a loophole allowed in this law?


This is legalized bribery

In reality, there is no substantive difference between this process and bribery of an elected official. The only difference in law is a minor technicality. If there is a written or taped verbal agreement between the contributor and the political campaign that a condition of the “campaign contribution” is that the candidate or incumbent office holder will repay the contributor with some legislative favor, then it can be called a bribe – which would be subject to criminal penalty. But the point is that there is no need for a written or verbal agreement. It is simply understood that large campaign contributions will be repaid with favors by the office holder. The only time that anyone ever gets charged with bribery for doing this is when they get very careless or excessively greedy and put the agreement in writing or explicitly verbalize the agreement in a manner in which can be proven in a court of law.

But huge campaign contributions are very frequently meant as bribes, whether or not it can be proven that the contributor expects something in return. Bill Moyers explains the process in plain English in his book, “Moyers on Democracy”, in a chapter titled “How Money is Choking our Democracy to Death”:

We have lost the ability to call the most basic transaction by its right name. If a baseball player stepping up to home plate were to lean over and hand the umpire a wad of bills before he called the pitch, we’d call that a bribe. But when a real estate developer buys his way into the White House and gets a favorable government ruling that wouldn’t be available to you or me, what do we call that? A “campaign contribution”.

Let’s call it what it is: a bribe.


Subversion of democracy and the principle of one person, one vote

Proponents of unlimited individual contributions to political campaigns have long held that political contributions equate with speech, and therefore are protected by our First Amendment’s free speech provision. In 1976, in Buckley v. Valeo, the U.S. Supreme Court partially agreed with that interpretation, saying essentially that money can indeed be equated with speech, but that in certain cases the public interest may over-ride that right. That decision is explained here:

The Court concurred in part with the appellants' claim, finding that the restrictions on political contributions and expenditures "necessarily reduced the quantity of expression by restricting the number of issues discussed, the depth of the exploration, and the size of the audience reached. This is because virtually every means of communicating ideas in today's mass society requires the expenditure of money." The Court then determined that such restrictions on political speech could only be justified by an overriding governmental interest.

But the problem of equating money with speech is that some people have a lot more of it than other people. Therefore, wealthy people, by virtue of the fact that they have orders of magnitude more money than poor people, also have orders of magnitude more right to have their “speech” protected by our First Amendment.

And furthermore, it is well known that money contributed to political campaigns is translated into votes. Therefore, by allowing unlimited campaign contributions, the end result is that the wealthy have orders of magnitude more influence in elections (i.e. more votes) than other people. So, what does that do to the supposed principle of one person, one vote? It makes a mockery of it.

The point is that money used in political campaigns is NOT speech, and it should therefore not be protected by our First Amendment. It is very often bribery rather than speech. Why should we provide Constitutional legal protection for bribery?

This problem could be solved if campaign donations were required to be made anonymously, like the process of voting. If they were made anonymously with respect to the recipient of the donation, then their donation could not function as a bribe, since the office holder would not know whom to reward. If donations were required to be made anonymously, large donations would very quickly become a thing of the past.

People would still have the right to free “speech” (if you want to consider speech equivalent to money). They just wouldn’t be able to use their money/speech as a bribe.

Why can’t we just pass a law requiring that all campaign contributions of any size be made anonymously? – just like the voting process.


Subversion of the principle of anonymous voting

The process of voting in our country is anonymous – for very good reasons. Before voting was anonymous people could be, and often were, pressured by those with power over them to vote according to the way that that person wanted them to vote. That person was typically an employer. Voting the wrong way could mean the loss of a job – or worse.

But campaign donations are not anonymous – at least not to the recipient of the donation. And as noted above, campaign donations are typically converted into votes. That’s their whole purpose. Thus, the non-anonymous process of contributing to campaigns means essentially that the contributors are voting non-anonymously, which is a subversion of the principle of anonymous voting.


Facilitating discrimination in the work place

If employers are allowed to collect money (i.e. votes) from their employees for the purpose of campaign contributions, the potential for employer discrimination against employees who refuse to play ball is tremendous. In many or most states there is nothing whatsoever to prevent those employers from firing, withholding promotion, or dealing out other punishment to employees who refuse to contribute. Those employees essentially hand over their political rights (as well as their money) to their bosses.


Use of money bundling by George W. Bush

It’s no coincidence that perhaps the most corrupt major politician of our times, George W. Bush, also set records for the use of money bundling. Here’s an article that discusses how money bundling was used by George W. Bush in preparation for the 2004 Presidential election.

Hundreds of volunteers have helped Bush’s reelection campaign amass more than $175 million in nine months, the most ever collected in a presidential race… Bathgate says he has collected more than $500,000 for the campaign, and his techniques offer a glimpse into the Bush money machine and how it proved so successful. The Bush campaign, meanwhile, has kept track of how much he and other major fundraisers collected (Gee, I wonder why?), creating a type of rivalry among them.

Bathgate is just one of 187 so-called Rangers who have each collected $200,000 or more in contributions. Another 268 Pioneers have each raised $100,000. These efforts have given Bush a huge financial edge over Massachusetts Sen. John F. Kerry, the presumptive Democratic nominee.

Under federal law, individuals can give no more than $2,000 to the presidential candidates. It is this limit that makes fundraisers with large networks of contributors so important… Top Bush fundraisers bundle hundreds of donations… and send them to the campaign with a personal tracking number so they get credit (credit?) for the money. One Washington lobbyist and Ranger, who did not want his name used because his comments might anger the Bush campaign, said he was raising as much as possible for the president “so my life is easier at the convention.” He said the top fundraisers would get the best hotel rooms and buses, and special access to a hospitality suite in New York at the Republican National Convention…. “It’s kind of an investment, knowing what’s coming at me.”

Bundling money is nothing new, but it still troubles watchdog organizations. “The Bush team has refined the bundling operation to a high art. The problem with all these bundling schemes is that they’re contrary to the spirit of campaign finance laws, which limits the amount of money or clout any single American should have with a politician”…

After the 2000 campaign, Bush appointed 24 Pioneers as U.S. ambassadors. He named four other Pioneers to his Cabinet… Among the Pioneers and Rangers are Wall Street chief executives, real estate developers, trade group presidents, lawyers, lobbyists and executives representing such industries as insurance, oil and gas, healthcare and pharmaceuticals…


An example of the resulting corruption – the looting of Iraq

As I said, it’s no coincidence that the George W. Bush is the foremost user of money bundling of his time (or any other time). The examples of corruption in the Bush administration are enough to fill several books. Here are excerpts from just one example, involving the looting of Iraq by the Bush administration, from “Top 25 Censored Stories for 2009”, in an article titled “Tracking Billions of Dollars Lost in Iraq”:

Beginning in April 2003, one month after the invasion of Iraq, and continuing for little more than a year, the United States Federal Reserve shipped $12 billion in US currency to Iraq. The US military delivered the bank notes to the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA), to be dispensed for Iraqi reconstruction. At least $9 billion is unaccounted for due to a complete lack of oversight. The initial $20 million came exclusively from Iraqi assets… Subsequent airlifts of cash included billions from Iraqi oil revenues…

When the US military delivered the cash to Baghdad, the money passed into the hands of an entirely new set of players – the CPA. Few in Congress had any idea about the true nature of the CPA as an institution. Lawmakers had never discussed the establishment of the CPA, much less authorized it – odd, given that the agency would be receiving taxpayer dollars…

Because it was a rogue operation, no one was responsible for what happened to that money. Accountable to no one, its finances “off the books” for US government purposes, the CPA provided an unprecedented opportunity for fraud, waste, and corruption involving American government officials, American contractors… In its short life more than $23 billion would pass through its hands… Incidents of flagrant abuse were rampant… Halliburton charged the CPA for 42,000 meals for soldiers while in fact serving only 14,000.

The precedent for legal impunity was established when whistle-blowers brought to light the case of Custer Battles, considered to be one of the worst cases of fraud in US history. The Bush administration not only refused to prosecute, it actually tried to stop a lawsuit filed against the contractors by whistle-blowers hoping to recover stolen CPA money…The administration argued that Custer Battles could not be found guilty of defrauding the US government because the CPA was not part of the US government. When the lawsuit went forward despite the administration’s objections, Custer Battles mounted a defense arguing that they could not be guilty of theft since it was done with the government’s approval…

In one of his last official acts before leaving Baghdad, Bremer issued an order prepared by the Pentagon, declaring that all coalition-force members “shall be immune from any form of arrest or detention other than by persons acting on behalf of their Sending States.” Contractors also got the same get-out-of-jail-free card… The Iraqi people would have no say over illegal conduct by Americans in their new democracy.

Matt Taibbi concludes, “What happened in Iraq went beyond inefficiency, beyond fraud even. This was about the business of government being corrupted by the profit motive to such an extraordinary degree that now we all have to wonder how we will ever be able to depend on the state to do its job in the future. If catastrophic failure is worth billions, where’s the incentive to deliver success?”

Does this make it obvious why we went to war? Can anyone figure out why the Iraqi infrastructure that we promised to restore never recovered from the war? And is it any wonder that the Iraqis mounted an insurgency against us?


The end result

The way that political campaigns are financed in our country is a recipe for turning democracy into fascism. How could it be otherwise? Wealthy corporations bribe our elected representatives to enact laws or provide them other favors that result in a return on their bribes… I mean investment… I mean “campaign contributions” of many times the original input. This is all done at the huge expense of ordinary citizens.

Bill Moyers explains:

There are no victimless crimes in politics. The price of corruption is passed on to you…

Look back at the bulk of legislation passed by Congress in the past decade: an energy bill that gave oil companies huge tax breaks at the same time that Exxon Mobile posted $36 billion in profits and our gasoline and home heating bills are at an all-time high; a bankruptcy “reform” bill written by credit card companies to make it harder for poor debtors to escape the burdens of divorce or medical catastrophe; the deregulation of the banking, securities, and insurance sectors, which led to rampant corporate malfeasance and greed and the destruction of the retirement plans of millions of small investors; the deregulation of the telecommunications sector, which led to cable-industry price gouging and an undermining of news coverage; protection for rampant overpricing of pharmaceutical drugs; and the blocking of even the mildest attempt to prevent American corporations from dodging an estimated $50 billion in annual taxes by opining a post-office box in an offshore tax haven…

What could be better suited to turn our democracy into a corporate state? How can democracy exist when the rich and powerful have so much disproportionate influence on our elections, and when they own our national news media as well?

Of course, there is still hope. Some might point to the 2006 and 2008 elections as evidence that there really isn’t much of a problem. But consider how bad things had to get before the American people began to vote out the utterly corrupt Republican Party. And many of our Democrats have been corrupted by the process as well. And what is almost as bad is that there doesn’t seem to be much of an effort to hold the Bush administration accountable for its vast criminal corruption and abuses of power.

Our hopes rest on the possibility that either there are enough honest and motivated high level politicians left in our country that they will aggressively begin to reverse the process – or alternatively that the American people will somehow become knowledgeable enough or just plain fed-up enough that they will elect enough progressive and honest third party or Democratic candidates in our next election to make a big difference.

It’s happened before.
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The Unfulfilled Promise
The Unfulfilled Promise of the American Dream: The Widening Gap between the Reality of the United States and its Highest Ideals




Time for change


Notwithstanding the lofty sentiments and purpose of the U.S. Declaration of Independence, the reality of the United States of America did not then – and never has – lived up to its ideal. Our nation remains today a long way from fulfilling the promise implied by those ideals. Yet, our Declaration was a great start, and it has long shone as a beacon of hope for people all over the world.

Throughout our history, while many have striven to close the gap between our highest ideals and the reality of our nation, others have focused on the accumulation of private wealth and power, at the expense of everyone else. In recent decades the latter have gained much ground, leading to increasing imperialism abroad and deteriorating democracy at home, characterized by routine (and legal) bribery of our public officials, the fusion of government and private corporate interests (corporatocracy), a corrupt election system largely in the hands of private corporations, a corporate controlled communications media, and the widespread acceptance of Executive Branch secrecy, routinely justified with little if any questioning, by the magic words “national security”. All of this is rapidly turning our country from the democracy proclaimed at our founding into a plutocracy (government by the wealthy and for the wealthy). The result is the most obscene wealth gap our country has ever known, the highest imprisonment rate in the world, rampant militarism, routine flaunting of international law, the least efficient health care system in the developed world, a pending environmental catastrophe that threatens to destroy the life sustaining forces of our planet, and myriad other problems that threaten to destroy our nation and tyrannize our people.

My new book, The Unfulfilled Promise of the American Dream – The Widening Gap between the Reality of the United States and its Highest Ideals, explores the roots and consequences of the demise of our democracy, and why most Americans have been unable to understand this process or even become aware of it. A good understanding of why and how we have deviated so greatly from the ideals of our nation is the first and necessary step towards getting back on the right track and revitalizing our society.

The book is currently being sold in electronic PDF format and can be purchased at http://www.unfulfilledpromise.com/Buy-the-... for $3.99. It will also soon be available in Amazon Kindle format. DU members who cannot afford to buy the book but would like to read it can pm me with your e-mail address, and I will send you a free PDF copy.

I’ve previously posted on DU a slightly earlier version of the introduction to the book, which is also posted at my site. Here is the Table of Contents, followed by a brief description of the three parts of the book:


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction
Acknowledgements
Prologue – What is Wrong with the United States of America?

Part I – Root Causes of the Impending Demise of American Democracy
Chapter 1 – Legalized Bribery
Chapter 2 – Human Psychological Factors
Chapter 3 – Corporatocracy
Chapter 4 – Corporate Control of Media
Chapter 5 – Corrupt Election System
Chapter 6 – Government Secrecy
Chapter 7 – American Exceptionalism

Part II – A Sampling of Imperialist Actions
Chapter 8 – Slavery and its Legacy
Chapter 9 – Early U.S. Imperialism
Chapter 10 – U.S. Imperialism in Cold War
Chapter 11 – Iraq War and Occupation
Chapter 12 – Afghanistan War

Part III – Consequences
Chapter 13 – Election of George W. Bush
Chapter 14 – War and Imperialism
Chapter 15 – Class Warfare
Chapter 16 – Predator Financial Class
Chapter 17 – Shock Therapy
Chapter 18 – Contempt for Int. Law
Chapter 19 – The “War on Drugs”
Chapter 20 – Climate Change
Chapter 21 – “War on Terror”
Chapter 22 – Health Care
Chapter 23 – Unaccountable government
Chapter 24 – Response to 9/11 Attacks
Epilogue


PART I – Root Causes of the Impending Demise of American Democracy

It is somewhat difficult to separate the causes of our problems from their consequences, since they combine to form a long chain of cause leading to consequence, leading to more consequences, etcetera. Nevertheless, it seems worth while to identify the root causes of our problems, those that occur early in the chain and lead to so many of the tragic consequences we see today. The only chance we have of reversing the demise of our democracy is through addressing and attacking its root causes.

At the top of the list is the systematic bribery of public officials by the powerful corporations (Chapter 1) whom our government is charged with regulating in the public interest. Instead of calling it bribery, we call it “campaign contributions”, but what we call it isn’t as important as what it is. It is hard to fathom how democracy can survive when such a practice is legal and condoned.

Working in tandem with our system of legalized bribery is the nature of the people who inhabit our country. That is not to say that Americans are inherently substantially different than any other people. Human beings are imperfect, and that is probably a major reason why in a world where civilization began more than five millennia ago, the oldest written national framework of government in the world today – the Constitution of the United States of America – is only a little more than two and a quarter centuries old. Chapter 2 explores the roles of basic human needs, authoritarianism, psychological defense mechanisms used to prevent us from perceiving reality as it is rather than as we’d like it to be, and corrupted ideologies in causing us to passively accept the accumulation of power in the hands of ambitious and ruthless individuals who care about little else than expanding their own wealth and power.

When bribery of public officials is tolerated as an inevitable aspect of public life, government inevitably grows close to the wealthy interests that shower it with money in return for legislative and other favors. A malevolent symbiosis grows between the state and corporate power, resulting in rule by an oligarchy that is highly detrimental to the lives of ordinary people (Chapter 3). Using their accumulated wealth and power to manipulate our legislative process, the oligarchy grabs for more and more control of the communications media (Chapter 4) that are used to control the information available to and shape the attitudes of our nation’s people, in pursuit of their own narrow interests.

Since the 1980s an orchestrated campaign has been underway to demonize “big government”, thereby paving the way for private corporate control over more and more functions that were previously deemed intrinsic functions of government. Among those functions is the running of public elections (Chapter 5) – the function that symbolizes democracy perhaps more than any other single function. Consequently, the purging of selected registered voters from our computerized voter rolls has become a routine recurring event throughout much of our country, and without a doubt determined the results of the 2000 – and probably 2004 as well – presidential election. Just as bad, more and more of the counting of votes in our public elections have been turned over to private corporations, which count our votes using electronic machines using secret software to produce vote counts that cannot be verified by anyone.

Bribery, the fusion of government and private interest, fake and biased news, and corrupt elections are not things that government and its corporate allies want us to know about. Consequently, they construct walls of secrecy (Chapter 6) to keep us from obtaining information that sheds light on their activities. The perfect phrase for facilitating this is “national security”. When our government tells us that the “national security” requires that certain things be kept secret from us, the understanding is that to question such a pronouncement is unpatriotic, and to actually attempt to obtain the “secret” information may be treasonous.

But indefinitely maintaining secrets from the American people can be very difficult, because at least some people want to know what their government is up to. So in addition to the formal mechanisms of secrecy, informal mechanisms are constructed (Chapter 7) to keep vital information away from us. One of the primary methods for doing this is to make certain sensitive subjects taboo – that is, to create the widespread belief that discussion of these topics is so outside the bounds of acceptable human discourse that anyone who discusses them should be shunned by society, or worse. The most common issue that falls into this category is any discussion that sheds light on the disparity between American ideals and the reality of life in our country today.


PART II – A Sampling of Imperialist Actions in U.S. History

Notwithstanding the fact that our founding document says that “all men are created equal” and speaks of the inalienable rights of humankind, the United States has throughout its history partaken of massive exploitation of other peoples.

It is estimated that at the time of our birth, 18% of our population was black slaves. In our expansion westwards during the late 18th and 19th centuries, we decimated the original inhabitants of our continent, and often treated them with great cruelty. In 1846 we manufactured an excuse for war with our neighbor Mexico, in which we continued to expand our country westwards and southwards. In 1893 we began our overseas imperialism with the conquest of Hawaii. Our overseas expansion was greatly accelerated in 1898 with our participation in the Spanish-American War, which led to our conquest of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. With our arrival at world superpower status at the end of World War II, we began the Cold War, which led to and served as a rationalization for covert and/or direct military actions against myriad foreign nations over the next 46 years. With the September 11, 2001 attacks on our country, we declared a perpetual “War on Terror”, which served and continues to serve as an excuse to invade and occupy Iraq and Afghanistan, nations that posed no threat to us. We do not know when or if this perpetual war will ever end. We don’t know how many additional imperial conquests it will lead to.

Most Americans don’t think much about all this. Many of these actions are done in secrecy, and the American people don’t find out about them until many years later – or we never find out about them at all. Those that we do know about are spun into the most favorable light, to make them seem benign or even noble.

But these actions come at great costs: in the lives of our soldiers; in the ruined lives of the peoples of the victim countries; in trillions of dollars cost to our people and their future generations; in our international reputation; in anti-American hatred leading to terrorism; and, to our democracy itself. For how can a nation claim to believe in the inalienable rights of humankind specified in its founding document, while making a mockery of that belief in the way it treats other peoples? For that reason alone it is worth while to take a brief look at our long history of imperialist actions.


PART III – Consequences

In the Prologue I give a brief account of what I see as some of the worst and tragic consequences of the root causes that I discuss in Part I – to enable the reader to see where this book is heading. When elections of our public officials are for sale to the highest bidder… when our public officials are so addicted to the “campaign contributions” of their wealthiest constituents that they develop a symbiotic relationship with them… when our communications media are owned and controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy elites… when our citizenry lack the ability to differentiate propaganda from reality… when we allow machines provided by private corporations to count our votes using secret electronic software… then we should expect that the consequences will not be pretty or comfortable for the vast majority of our citizens.

In Part III, I explore those consequences in much greater detail, in the hope that the reader will agree with me that these are very serious problems, and that they must be successfully addressed if our country is ever to fulfill the promise of its ideals, or even make progress in that direction. When enough Americans recognize our problems as problems, stripped of the gloss and spin put on them by our oligarchy, they will rise up and do something about them. Until then there will be no progress, and we are very likely to head in the direction of all the former empires of our planet, ending in chaos, widespread catastrophe, suffering, and ignominy.

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