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THE UNFULFILLED PROMISE
Posted by Time for change in General Discussion (1/22-2007 thru 12/14/2010)
Thu Oct 22nd 2009, 06:02 PM
As long as the cult of secrecy remains an acceptable principle of government policy, th war profiteers will continue to have their way. We'll continue to pay for immoral, illegal wars. We'll continue to bailout mega-corporations
If you believe in democracy as a broad concept – the concept that a peoples’ government should be accountable and responsive to them – then you must be against absolute or near absolute secrecy in government.

Yet in the United States of America, a nation whose people consider their country to be a democracy, too many Americans accept the idea that their government must have the power of absolute secrecy in order to protect them against external enemies.

We see it in the widespread acceptance that our government must have: the power to monitor communications between American citizens even without the minimal requirement of first obtaining a warrant; the power to detain people without allowing them to challenge the validity of their detention; the power to hold elections with voting machines that count votes that can’t be recounted or verified; the power to hold secret meetings (as with Dick Cheney’s secret Energy Task Force); and more generally, the power of an American president to determine any government deliberation whatsoever to be secret, based on his say-so alone, that to publicize the deliberation would pose a risk to “national security”.

The acceptance of near absolute secrecy by government is based upon two beliefs: that our government needs that power in order to protect us against external enemies; and that our government would never abuse that power by acting against our vital interests. I don’t hold either of those beliefs. The idea that a nation that spends almost as much money on its military as the rest of the world combined needs the power of absolute secrecy in order to protect its citizens seems absurd to me. And the idea that we can always count on our government to have benign intentions towards us is beyond absurd.

Well, we can’t have it both ways. We can have a democracy. Or we can have a nation in which our government has the power of near absolute secrecy. But we can’t have both – for the very simple reason that a government that is allowed to operate in absolute secrecy has enough power over its citizens to deny them effective control over their country and their lives – if it so chooses.


Secrecy and shadow government

The CIA was created by the National Security Act of 1947. Initially envisioned as an information gathering agency, it evolved into an agency that participated in the overthrow of numerous democratically elected foreign governments and their replacement with repressive dictatorships. This occurred in Iran, Guatemala, Chile, Greece, and many other sovereign nations. These acts remained secret for many years, and when they finally did come to light they received little news coverage in the United States. It is likely that even today most Americans don’t know about these atrocities, or if they do they believe that there must have been some benign reason for them.

These are acts that no freedom loving people would tolerate. But the secrecy surrounding them, in combination with the human tendency to psychologically deny distasteful things (otherwise known as the ‘ostrich syndrome’), ensured that there has been little outrage in our country against them.

Moreover, it would be a big mistake to assume that an organization engaged in such dark and secret activities would necessarily remain accountable and responsive even to the government and the people whom it is tacitly presumed to serve. Indeed, there have been several CIA agents who became disenchanted with their work, quit the Agency, and then wrote whistle-blowing books in which they noted that the CIA had become largely unaccountable to the U.S. government that it was supposed to serve. Two examples of whistle-blowing CIA agents are Philip Agee (“Inside the Company”) and Victor Marchetti (“The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence”)


Plans to invade and occupy Cuba

While John F. Kennedy was President, the CIA and the U.S. military made several attempts to get our country involved in war with Cuba. First they convinced the President to give them a green light on a secret invasion of Cuba by a CIA-supported group of Cuban exiles. The invasion occurred at the Bay of Pigs during April 15-19, 1961. When it didn’t work out as the CIA had promised, they urged Kennedy to send in the U.S. Air Force – which he refused to do, for fear of inciting a nuclear war with the Soviet Union.

A year later, on March 16, 1962, Kennedy’s Joint Chiefs of Staff presented “Operation Northwoods” to Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara. James Bamford described the plan in “Body of Secrets – Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency”. Operations Northwoods included plans to launch “a wave of violent terrorism” in several American cities and blame it on Castro, as an excuse for war. The idea was vetoed by McNamara and Kennedy.

During the Cuban Missile Crisis of October 18-29, 1962, Kennedy’s military advisors again aggressively tried to convince him to invade Cuba. Kennedy instead opted to resolve the crisis peacefully.

On March 19, 1963, the CIA sponsored Cuban exile group, Alpha 66, attacked a Soviet ship in Cuban waters. Further incidents followed, and Kennedy eventually had to use his military to stop the attacks, lest they lead to a nuclear confrontation with the Soviet Union.

The above episodes can be seen as part of a single process: an attempt by a shadow government to force a U.S. president into war. It took great strength and courage on President Kennedy’s part to repeatedly resist those efforts – which could otherwise have led us into a nuclear war with the Soviet Union.


Plans for “Continuity of Government”

During the Reagan administration, plans for so called “Continuity of Government” (COG) were greatly expanded. “Continuity of Government” is a benign sounding name. Almost all Americans would agree that it is important to have plans to continue our government in the event of a national emergency. But why do the plans have to be so secret? Peter Dale Scott explains in his book, “The Road to 9/11 – Wealth, Empire and the Future of America”:

“Continuity of government” is a reassuring title. It would be more honest, however, to call it a “change of government” plan, since according to Alfonso Chardy of the Miami Herald, the plan called for “suspension of the Constitution, turning control of the government over to FEMA, emergency appointment of military commanders to run state and local governments, and declaration of martial law during a national crisis.” The plan also gave the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), which had been involved in drafting it, sweeping new powers, including internment.

Kathy Gill provides an overview of the history of “Continuity of Government” plans. Following the 9/11 attacks on our country, the Bush administration expanded the COG plans quite a bit. Of particular concern is the fact that, after the plan was reported by the U.S. press in March 2002, U.S. Congressional leaders said that “they didn’t know President Bush had established a shadow government”.

Also of great interest and concern is the involvement of Dick Cheney and Donald Rumsfeld in these plans over a long period of time. First of all, they were key actors in the revving up of the COG plans during the Reagan administration. Secondly, according to Andrew Cockburn, they were even active with the plan during the Clinton administration – apparently without President Clinton’s knowledge. From Peter Dale Scott’s book, Cockburn speaking about the COG plans during the Clinton presidency:

In earlier times the specialists selected to run the “shadow government” had been drawn from across the political spectrum, Democrats and Republicans alike. But now, down in the bunkers, Rumsfeld found himself in politically congenial company, the players’ roster being filled almost exclusively with Republican hawks. “… They’d meet, do the exercise, but also sit around and castigate the Clinton administration in the most extreme way,” a former Pentagon official with direct knowledge of the phenomenon told me. “You could say this was a secret government-in-waiting. The Clinton administration… had no idea what was going on”.


Mount Weather and the government-in-waiting

In 1976 Richard Pollock reported in Progressive Magazine the existence of the mysterious “Mount Weather”, located near Bluemont, Virginia:

Mount Weather is virtually an underground city, according to former personnel interviewed by Pollock… equipped with such amenities as private apartments and dormitories, streets and sidewalks, cafeterias and hospitals, a water purification system, power plant and general office buildings, its own mass transit system… Mount Weather is the self-sustaining underground command center for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The facility is the operational center – the hub – of approximately 100 other Federal Relocation Centers… Together this network of underground facilities constitutes the backbone of America's "Continuity of Government" program. In the event of nuclear war, declaration of martial law, or other national emergency, the President, his cabinet and the rest of the Executive Branch would be "relocated" to Mount Weather… According to the Senate Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights hearings in 1975, Congress has almost no knowledge and no oversight – budgetary or otherwise – on Mount Weather…

Pollock described the system as a government-in-waiting:

High-level Governmental sources, speaking in the promise of strictest anonymity, told me that each of the Federal departments represented at Mount Weather is headed by a single person on whom is conferred the rank of a Cabinet-level official. Protocol even demands that subordinates address them as "Mr. Secretary." Each of the Mount Weather "Cabinet member" is apparently appointed by the White House and serves an indefinite term... many through several Administrations....The facility attempts to duplicate the vital functions of the Executive branch of the Administration…. As might be expected, there is also an Office of the Presidency at Mount Weather…. which regularly receives top secret national security estimates…

And the whole system is shrouded in strictest secrecy, despite the fact that we pay for it with our taxes:

Officially, Mount Weather (and its budget) does not exist. FEMA refuses to answer inquiries about the facility…


Disturbing “coincidences” relating to the COG

Scott notes two “arresting coincidences” in his book, regarding the COG. First is the fact that George W. Bush had the COG system “essentially reconstituted … as a terrorism task force” following the appointment of Dick Cheney to head a terrorism task force. Then, just four months later, following the September 11 attacks, he had the opportunity to implement those plans.

The other coincidence was Dick Cheney’s Energy Task Force – also a secret. As reported by Jane Mayer in The New Yorker magazine, she discovered:

a secret NSC document dated Feb. 3, 2001 – only two weeks after Bush took office – instructing NSC officials to cooperate with Cheney's task force, which was "melding" two previously unrelated areas of policy: "the review of operational policies towards rogue states" and "actions regarding the capture of new and existing oil and gas fields."

Not long after that we had our “rogue state”, along with its oil and gas fields.


Relevance to today

This is all very complicated. And the complexity is greatly magnified by the secrecy that surrounds it – notwithstanding the fact that some outstanding journalists have from time to time shone a light on some of the pieces. I certainly can’t put my head around it. But the one thing I feel certain of is that there are a great many very important projects going on, which concern us greatly, and which we pay for, but without our input or knowledge. I certainly don’t know the precise extent of this. But to the extent that this kind of stuff happens, our country is not a democracy.

A recent DU post by seafan discussed how our military has aggressively worked to pressure President Obama into war, in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Iran. To what extent that pressure has led to Obama’s escalation of our war in Afghanistan, and to what extent it will lead the Obama administration into future wars is an open question at this time. If President Obama has allowed the military hawks to pressure him into escalating our war in Afghanistan, he certainly wouldn’t be the first. Even President Kennedy, who valiantly resisted his military and CIA, and probably died for doing so, allowed them to pressure him into giving a green light to a CIA-sponsored invasion of Cuba and sending 15,000 “advisors” to Vietnam.

But despite all that we don’t know, some things are virtually certain. Most Americans do not want war, and our livelihoods are gravely threatened by it. No only does it kill and maim our young men and women, but we ruin our international reputation, put the security of our citizens at grave risk, and lose trillions of dollars in resources that could otherwise go towards health care or other much needed social programs. But as long as the cult of secrecy remains an acceptable principle of government policy, the war hawks, warmongers, war profiteers – whatever you want to call them – will continue to have their way. We will continue to use the taxes of ordinary Americans to pay for unnecessary, immoral and illegal wars. We will continue to bailout mega-corporations and the billionaires who own and run them. And we will continue to ignore the most pressing needs of ordinary Americans.
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The Unfulfilled Promise
The Unfulfilled Promise of the American Dream: The Widening Gap between the Reality of the United States and its Highest Ideals




Time for change


Notwithstanding the lofty sentiments and purpose of the U.S. Declaration of Independence, the reality of the United States of America did not then – and never has – lived up to its ideal. Our nation remains today a long way from fulfilling the promise implied by those ideals. Yet, our Declaration was a great start, and it has long shone as a beacon of hope for people all over the world.

Throughout our history, while many have striven to close the gap between our highest ideals and the reality of our nation, others have focused on the accumulation of private wealth and power, at the expense of everyone else. In recent decades the latter have gained much ground, leading to increasing imperialism abroad and deteriorating democracy at home, characterized by routine (and legal) bribery of our public officials, the fusion of government and private corporate interests (corporatocracy), a corrupt election system largely in the hands of private corporations, a corporate controlled communications media, and the widespread acceptance of Executive Branch secrecy, routinely justified with little if any questioning, by the magic words “national security”. All of this is rapidly turning our country from the democracy proclaimed at our founding into a plutocracy (government by the wealthy and for the wealthy). The result is the most obscene wealth gap our country has ever known, the highest imprisonment rate in the world, rampant militarism, routine flaunting of international law, the least efficient health care system in the developed world, a pending environmental catastrophe that threatens to destroy the life sustaining forces of our planet, and myriad other problems that threaten to destroy our nation and tyrannize our people.

My new book, The Unfulfilled Promise of the American Dream – The Widening Gap between the Reality of the United States and its Highest Ideals, explores the roots and consequences of the demise of our democracy, and why most Americans have been unable to understand this process or even become aware of it. A good understanding of why and how we have deviated so greatly from the ideals of our nation is the first and necessary step towards getting back on the right track and revitalizing our society.

The book is currently being sold in electronic PDF format and can be purchased at http://www.unfulfilledpromise.com/Buy-the-... for $3.99. It will also soon be available in Amazon Kindle format. DU members who cannot afford to buy the book but would like to read it can pm me with your e-mail address, and I will send you a free PDF copy.

I’ve previously posted on DU a slightly earlier version of the introduction to the book, which is also posted at my site. Here is the Table of Contents, followed by a brief description of the three parts of the book:


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction
Acknowledgements
Prologue – What is Wrong with the United States of America?

Part I – Root Causes of the Impending Demise of American Democracy
Chapter 1 – Legalized Bribery
Chapter 2 – Human Psychological Factors
Chapter 3 – Corporatocracy
Chapter 4 – Corporate Control of Media
Chapter 5 – Corrupt Election System
Chapter 6 – Government Secrecy
Chapter 7 – American Exceptionalism

Part II – A Sampling of Imperialist Actions
Chapter 8 – Slavery and its Legacy
Chapter 9 – Early U.S. Imperialism
Chapter 10 – U.S. Imperialism in Cold War
Chapter 11 – Iraq War and Occupation
Chapter 12 – Afghanistan War

Part III – Consequences
Chapter 13 – Election of George W. Bush
Chapter 14 – War and Imperialism
Chapter 15 – Class Warfare
Chapter 16 – Predator Financial Class
Chapter 17 – Shock Therapy
Chapter 18 – Contempt for Int. Law
Chapter 19 – The “War on Drugs”
Chapter 20 – Climate Change
Chapter 21 – “War on Terror”
Chapter 22 – Health Care
Chapter 23 – Unaccountable government
Chapter 24 – Response to 9/11 Attacks
Epilogue


PART I – Root Causes of the Impending Demise of American Democracy

It is somewhat difficult to separate the causes of our problems from their consequences, since they combine to form a long chain of cause leading to consequence, leading to more consequences, etcetera. Nevertheless, it seems worth while to identify the root causes of our problems, those that occur early in the chain and lead to so many of the tragic consequences we see today. The only chance we have of reversing the demise of our democracy is through addressing and attacking its root causes.

At the top of the list is the systematic bribery of public officials by the powerful corporations (Chapter 1) whom our government is charged with regulating in the public interest. Instead of calling it bribery, we call it “campaign contributions”, but what we call it isn’t as important as what it is. It is hard to fathom how democracy can survive when such a practice is legal and condoned.

Working in tandem with our system of legalized bribery is the nature of the people who inhabit our country. That is not to say that Americans are inherently substantially different than any other people. Human beings are imperfect, and that is probably a major reason why in a world where civilization began more than five millennia ago, the oldest written national framework of government in the world today – the Constitution of the United States of America – is only a little more than two and a quarter centuries old. Chapter 2 explores the roles of basic human needs, authoritarianism, psychological defense mechanisms used to prevent us from perceiving reality as it is rather than as we’d like it to be, and corrupted ideologies in causing us to passively accept the accumulation of power in the hands of ambitious and ruthless individuals who care about little else than expanding their own wealth and power.

When bribery of public officials is tolerated as an inevitable aspect of public life, government inevitably grows close to the wealthy interests that shower it with money in return for legislative and other favors. A malevolent symbiosis grows between the state and corporate power, resulting in rule by an oligarchy that is highly detrimental to the lives of ordinary people (Chapter 3). Using their accumulated wealth and power to manipulate our legislative process, the oligarchy grabs for more and more control of the communications media (Chapter 4) that are used to control the information available to and shape the attitudes of our nation’s people, in pursuit of their own narrow interests.

Since the 1980s an orchestrated campaign has been underway to demonize “big government”, thereby paving the way for private corporate control over more and more functions that were previously deemed intrinsic functions of government. Among those functions is the running of public elections (Chapter 5) – the function that symbolizes democracy perhaps more than any other single function. Consequently, the purging of selected registered voters from our computerized voter rolls has become a routine recurring event throughout much of our country, and without a doubt determined the results of the 2000 – and probably 2004 as well – presidential election. Just as bad, more and more of the counting of votes in our public elections have been turned over to private corporations, which count our votes using electronic machines using secret software to produce vote counts that cannot be verified by anyone.

Bribery, the fusion of government and private interest, fake and biased news, and corrupt elections are not things that government and its corporate allies want us to know about. Consequently, they construct walls of secrecy (Chapter 6) to keep us from obtaining information that sheds light on their activities. The perfect phrase for facilitating this is “national security”. When our government tells us that the “national security” requires that certain things be kept secret from us, the understanding is that to question such a pronouncement is unpatriotic, and to actually attempt to obtain the “secret” information may be treasonous.

But indefinitely maintaining secrets from the American people can be very difficult, because at least some people want to know what their government is up to. So in addition to the formal mechanisms of secrecy, informal mechanisms are constructed (Chapter 7) to keep vital information away from us. One of the primary methods for doing this is to make certain sensitive subjects taboo – that is, to create the widespread belief that discussion of these topics is so outside the bounds of acceptable human discourse that anyone who discusses them should be shunned by society, or worse. The most common issue that falls into this category is any discussion that sheds light on the disparity between American ideals and the reality of life in our country today.


PART II – A Sampling of Imperialist Actions in U.S. History

Notwithstanding the fact that our founding document says that “all men are created equal” and speaks of the inalienable rights of humankind, the United States has throughout its history partaken of massive exploitation of other peoples.

It is estimated that at the time of our birth, 18% of our population was black slaves. In our expansion westwards during the late 18th and 19th centuries, we decimated the original inhabitants of our continent, and often treated them with great cruelty. In 1846 we manufactured an excuse for war with our neighbor Mexico, in which we continued to expand our country westwards and southwards. In 1893 we began our overseas imperialism with the conquest of Hawaii. Our overseas expansion was greatly accelerated in 1898 with our participation in the Spanish-American War, which led to our conquest of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. With our arrival at world superpower status at the end of World War II, we began the Cold War, which led to and served as a rationalization for covert and/or direct military actions against myriad foreign nations over the next 46 years. With the September 11, 2001 attacks on our country, we declared a perpetual “War on Terror”, which served and continues to serve as an excuse to invade and occupy Iraq and Afghanistan, nations that posed no threat to us. We do not know when or if this perpetual war will ever end. We don’t know how many additional imperial conquests it will lead to.

Most Americans don’t think much about all this. Many of these actions are done in secrecy, and the American people don’t find out about them until many years later – or we never find out about them at all. Those that we do know about are spun into the most favorable light, to make them seem benign or even noble.

But these actions come at great costs: in the lives of our soldiers; in the ruined lives of the peoples of the victim countries; in trillions of dollars cost to our people and their future generations; in our international reputation; in anti-American hatred leading to terrorism; and, to our democracy itself. For how can a nation claim to believe in the inalienable rights of humankind specified in its founding document, while making a mockery of that belief in the way it treats other peoples? For that reason alone it is worth while to take a brief look at our long history of imperialist actions.


PART III – Consequences

In the Prologue I give a brief account of what I see as some of the worst and tragic consequences of the root causes that I discuss in Part I – to enable the reader to see where this book is heading. When elections of our public officials are for sale to the highest bidder… when our public officials are so addicted to the “campaign contributions” of their wealthiest constituents that they develop a symbiotic relationship with them… when our communications media are owned and controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy elites… when our citizenry lack the ability to differentiate propaganda from reality… when we allow machines provided by private corporations to count our votes using secret electronic software… then we should expect that the consequences will not be pretty or comfortable for the vast majority of our citizens.

In Part III, I explore those consequences in much greater detail, in the hope that the reader will agree with me that these are very serious problems, and that they must be successfully addressed if our country is ever to fulfill the promise of its ideals, or even make progress in that direction. When enough Americans recognize our problems as problems, stripped of the gloss and spin put on them by our oligarchy, they will rise up and do something about them. Until then there will be no progress, and we are very likely to head in the direction of all the former empires of our planet, ending in chaos, widespread catastrophe, suffering, and ignominy.

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