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THE UNFULFILLED PROMISE
Posted by Time for change in General Discussion (01/01/06 through 01/22/2007)
Sun Sep 10th 2006, 04:03 AM
As a liberal Democrat who works for a federal agency that is part of the George Bush administration, I have often found my work atmosphere stifling and repressive. And though I would not admit this to my fellow workers, I’m sure that that at least partially explains why I find writing posts for DU to be so much more interesting and enjoyable than the work that I get paid to do. The bottom line is this: The issues that I read and write about on the DU are generally of crucial importance to our country and to the world – whereas the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that I work for is emblematic of many of the serious problems that the we DUers typically write about and which typify the Bush administration.

I have written about those problems before and won’t dwell on them here, except to link you to my discussions of the anti-science and pro-corporate aspects of today’s FDA. This is a very serious problem because in order for the FDA to effectively accomplish its mission of protecting us against dangerous foods, drugs, biologicals and medical devices it must emphasize a scientific and a pro-people approach – approaches that the Bush administration has disdained ever since it grabbed control of our country in January of 2001.

Fortunately, due to a dedicated core of FDA scientists/public health workers, the infiltration of the Bush point of view into the FDA has not been complete. However, indoctrination of the Bush philosophy into upper level management at FDA has been quite successful, which is not surprising given the fact that most upper level managers are political appointees.

Recently I had an opportunity to vent some of my opinions on these issues when my boss asked each of the epidemiologists working under her to give her our ideas for a conference which our office is planning to sponsor within the next few months. The stated purpose of the conference is to discuss better ways to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of medical devices after they have been marketed. But as with all such activities that the FDA has been involved with in recent years, it appears that our upper management is planning to invite the manufacturers of the devices to the conference, with no representation for the public.

Bush philosophy has so infiltrated the FDA that many FDA workers, and probably almost all of its upper level management have forgotten (if they ever knew) that the purpose of the FDA is to protect the public, rather than the corporations that manufacturer the foods, drugs and devices that the FDA is supposed to be controlling in the public’s interest. With that in mind, here is the memo that I recently wrote to my boss on that subject:

I realize that this is politically controversial at the FDA, but I feel strongly that we should have consumer representation at the conference, as I believe that currently consumers have too little of a voice in FDA policy and manufacturers have too great of a voice.

The original purpose of the FDA, and the purpose that it still claims on its websites is to protect consumers against unsafe products. That is why it is funded primarily by U.S. taxpayers. The manufacturers are the ones who we are supposed to be regulating for the protection of the consumers. And yet, it seems that the FDA in recent years spends a lot more time consulting with manufacturers and asking for their advice, and almost no time seeking the advice of consumers or consumer representatives (In fact I’m not aware of a single instance where it has sought the advice of consumers or consumer groups in the past few years.)

Furthermore, allowing the manufacturers to dictate policy to the FDA seems to me to constitute a serious conflict of interest. I’m not saying that we should not listen to what they have to say. But we need to always keep in mind that their first priority is to make a profit. We have seen many instances in the past where manufacturers have put profits ahead of safety, the one that I’m most familiar with being the time where Medtronic convinced our Commissioner to pull my article on AneuRx after it had already been accepted for publication and was about to be published.

Here are some quotes by Dr. Sidney Wolfe, of Public Citizen, from an interview with Amy Goodman on this subject:

We did a survey of FDA physicians, the physicians who review new drug applications. And these are what the findings were in our survey. They identified 27 drugs that they thought were too dangerous to be approved, but which were approved over their objection. They identified 14 instances where they were told not to present information adverse to a drug at a public FDA advisory committee hearing because it might prejudice the advisory committee against the drug. Not to mention that the drug company at the same hearing does everything to prejudice the committee in favor of a drug. So, the climate at the FDA even back in 1998 was silencing criticism, people were leaving the FDA in droves, scientists, physicians and others, and that has continued. The FDA did an internal survey after ours which came pretty much to similar conclusions. And then the third survey, the inspector general one in 2002, reached the same conclusion. So Dr. Graham is not alone. There are a large number of people in the FDA, who are there trying to protect the public health as part of the public health service, but being pushed around, I think, because of the influence, the undue influence of the drug industry, to sign off on drugs that they know are too dangerous.

Now that the Epidemiology Branch is presumably taking over responsibility for post-market issues, it seems to me that this provides an excellent opportunity for us to do something about re-arranging priorities.

I understand that we want to make this a reasonably small conference so that we can get some work done. But if that is our goal then I think that we should invite consumer representatives instead of manufacturers, and then we can always obtain the manufacturers’ opinions later.

Lastly, I have to say that in recent years this problem has not been confined to the FDA by any means. We have energy executives writing government energy policies; we have the oil industry and the automobile industry dictating policy on the fuel efficiency of cars; we have pollution generating industries dictating policies to our Environmental Protection Agency. The list goes on and on. The hallmark of a Fascist state is a too close relationship between government and corporations. We can’t stop that process by ourselves, but we can do our part within our own realm of responsibility.

Tim F. Chang


I got a little bit carried away with that last paragraph. I guess that I must have felt as if I was writing for DU. It was a bit of a mistake to do that because we are not supposed to express political opinions in the course of our work at FDA.

Nevertheless, it felt good, and the memo received a very positive response, both from my fellow workers and from my boss, who promised to do what she could to get upper management to agree to have consumer representation at the conference. Now we’ll have to wait and see what upper management has to say about it.

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The Unfulfilled Promise
The Unfulfilled Promise of the American Dream: The Widening Gap between the Reality of the United States and its Highest Ideals




Time for change


Notwithstanding the lofty sentiments and purpose of the U.S. Declaration of Independence, the reality of the United States of America did not then – and never has – lived up to its ideal. Our nation remains today a long way from fulfilling the promise implied by those ideals. Yet, our Declaration was a great start, and it has long shone as a beacon of hope for people all over the world.

Throughout our history, while many have striven to close the gap between our highest ideals and the reality of our nation, others have focused on the accumulation of private wealth and power, at the expense of everyone else. In recent decades the latter have gained much ground, leading to increasing imperialism abroad and deteriorating democracy at home, characterized by routine (and legal) bribery of our public officials, the fusion of government and private corporate interests (corporatocracy), a corrupt election system largely in the hands of private corporations, a corporate controlled communications media, and the widespread acceptance of Executive Branch secrecy, routinely justified with little if any questioning, by the magic words “national security”. All of this is rapidly turning our country from the democracy proclaimed at our founding into a plutocracy (government by the wealthy and for the wealthy). The result is the most obscene wealth gap our country has ever known, the highest imprisonment rate in the world, rampant militarism, routine flaunting of international law, the least efficient health care system in the developed world, a pending environmental catastrophe that threatens to destroy the life sustaining forces of our planet, and myriad other problems that threaten to destroy our nation and tyrannize our people.

My new book, The Unfulfilled Promise of the American Dream – The Widening Gap between the Reality of the United States and its Highest Ideals, explores the roots and consequences of the demise of our democracy, and why most Americans have been unable to understand this process or even become aware of it. A good understanding of why and how we have deviated so greatly from the ideals of our nation is the first and necessary step towards getting back on the right track and revitalizing our society.

The book is currently being sold in electronic PDF format and can be purchased at http://www.unfulfilledpromise.com/Buy-the-... for $3.99. It will also soon be available in Amazon Kindle format. DU members who cannot afford to buy the book but would like to read it can pm me with your e-mail address, and I will send you a free PDF copy.

I’ve previously posted on DU a slightly earlier version of the introduction to the book, which is also posted at my site. Here is the Table of Contents, followed by a brief description of the three parts of the book:


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction
Acknowledgements
Prologue – What is Wrong with the United States of America?

Part I – Root Causes of the Impending Demise of American Democracy
Chapter 1 – Legalized Bribery
Chapter 2 – Human Psychological Factors
Chapter 3 – Corporatocracy
Chapter 4 – Corporate Control of Media
Chapter 5 – Corrupt Election System
Chapter 6 – Government Secrecy
Chapter 7 – American Exceptionalism

Part II – A Sampling of Imperialist Actions
Chapter 8 – Slavery and its Legacy
Chapter 9 – Early U.S. Imperialism
Chapter 10 – U.S. Imperialism in Cold War
Chapter 11 – Iraq War and Occupation
Chapter 12 – Afghanistan War

Part III – Consequences
Chapter 13 – Election of George W. Bush
Chapter 14 – War and Imperialism
Chapter 15 – Class Warfare
Chapter 16 – Predator Financial Class
Chapter 17 – Shock Therapy
Chapter 18 – Contempt for Int. Law
Chapter 19 – The “War on Drugs”
Chapter 20 – Climate Change
Chapter 21 – “War on Terror”
Chapter 22 – Health Care
Chapter 23 – Unaccountable government
Chapter 24 – Response to 9/11 Attacks
Epilogue


PART I – Root Causes of the Impending Demise of American Democracy

It is somewhat difficult to separate the causes of our problems from their consequences, since they combine to form a long chain of cause leading to consequence, leading to more consequences, etcetera. Nevertheless, it seems worth while to identify the root causes of our problems, those that occur early in the chain and lead to so many of the tragic consequences we see today. The only chance we have of reversing the demise of our democracy is through addressing and attacking its root causes.

At the top of the list is the systematic bribery of public officials by the powerful corporations (Chapter 1) whom our government is charged with regulating in the public interest. Instead of calling it bribery, we call it “campaign contributions”, but what we call it isn’t as important as what it is. It is hard to fathom how democracy can survive when such a practice is legal and condoned.

Working in tandem with our system of legalized bribery is the nature of the people who inhabit our country. That is not to say that Americans are inherently substantially different than any other people. Human beings are imperfect, and that is probably a major reason why in a world where civilization began more than five millennia ago, the oldest written national framework of government in the world today – the Constitution of the United States of America – is only a little more than two and a quarter centuries old. Chapter 2 explores the roles of basic human needs, authoritarianism, psychological defense mechanisms used to prevent us from perceiving reality as it is rather than as we’d like it to be, and corrupted ideologies in causing us to passively accept the accumulation of power in the hands of ambitious and ruthless individuals who care about little else than expanding their own wealth and power.

When bribery of public officials is tolerated as an inevitable aspect of public life, government inevitably grows close to the wealthy interests that shower it with money in return for legislative and other favors. A malevolent symbiosis grows between the state and corporate power, resulting in rule by an oligarchy that is highly detrimental to the lives of ordinary people (Chapter 3). Using their accumulated wealth and power to manipulate our legislative process, the oligarchy grabs for more and more control of the communications media (Chapter 4) that are used to control the information available to and shape the attitudes of our nation’s people, in pursuit of their own narrow interests.

Since the 1980s an orchestrated campaign has been underway to demonize “big government”, thereby paving the way for private corporate control over more and more functions that were previously deemed intrinsic functions of government. Among those functions is the running of public elections (Chapter 5) – the function that symbolizes democracy perhaps more than any other single function. Consequently, the purging of selected registered voters from our computerized voter rolls has become a routine recurring event throughout much of our country, and without a doubt determined the results of the 2000 – and probably 2004 as well – presidential election. Just as bad, more and more of the counting of votes in our public elections have been turned over to private corporations, which count our votes using electronic machines using secret software to produce vote counts that cannot be verified by anyone.

Bribery, the fusion of government and private interest, fake and biased news, and corrupt elections are not things that government and its corporate allies want us to know about. Consequently, they construct walls of secrecy (Chapter 6) to keep us from obtaining information that sheds light on their activities. The perfect phrase for facilitating this is “national security”. When our government tells us that the “national security” requires that certain things be kept secret from us, the understanding is that to question such a pronouncement is unpatriotic, and to actually attempt to obtain the “secret” information may be treasonous.

But indefinitely maintaining secrets from the American people can be very difficult, because at least some people want to know what their government is up to. So in addition to the formal mechanisms of secrecy, informal mechanisms are constructed (Chapter 7) to keep vital information away from us. One of the primary methods for doing this is to make certain sensitive subjects taboo – that is, to create the widespread belief that discussion of these topics is so outside the bounds of acceptable human discourse that anyone who discusses them should be shunned by society, or worse. The most common issue that falls into this category is any discussion that sheds light on the disparity between American ideals and the reality of life in our country today.


PART II – A Sampling of Imperialist Actions in U.S. History

Notwithstanding the fact that our founding document says that “all men are created equal” and speaks of the inalienable rights of humankind, the United States has throughout its history partaken of massive exploitation of other peoples.

It is estimated that at the time of our birth, 18% of our population was black slaves. In our expansion westwards during the late 18th and 19th centuries, we decimated the original inhabitants of our continent, and often treated them with great cruelty. In 1846 we manufactured an excuse for war with our neighbor Mexico, in which we continued to expand our country westwards and southwards. In 1893 we began our overseas imperialism with the conquest of Hawaii. Our overseas expansion was greatly accelerated in 1898 with our participation in the Spanish-American War, which led to our conquest of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. With our arrival at world superpower status at the end of World War II, we began the Cold War, which led to and served as a rationalization for covert and/or direct military actions against myriad foreign nations over the next 46 years. With the September 11, 2001 attacks on our country, we declared a perpetual “War on Terror”, which served and continues to serve as an excuse to invade and occupy Iraq and Afghanistan, nations that posed no threat to us. We do not know when or if this perpetual war will ever end. We don’t know how many additional imperial conquests it will lead to.

Most Americans don’t think much about all this. Many of these actions are done in secrecy, and the American people don’t find out about them until many years later – or we never find out about them at all. Those that we do know about are spun into the most favorable light, to make them seem benign or even noble.

But these actions come at great costs: in the lives of our soldiers; in the ruined lives of the peoples of the victim countries; in trillions of dollars cost to our people and their future generations; in our international reputation; in anti-American hatred leading to terrorism; and, to our democracy itself. For how can a nation claim to believe in the inalienable rights of humankind specified in its founding document, while making a mockery of that belief in the way it treats other peoples? For that reason alone it is worth while to take a brief look at our long history of imperialist actions.


PART III – Consequences

In the Prologue I give a brief account of what I see as some of the worst and tragic consequences of the root causes that I discuss in Part I – to enable the reader to see where this book is heading. When elections of our public officials are for sale to the highest bidder… when our public officials are so addicted to the “campaign contributions” of their wealthiest constituents that they develop a symbiotic relationship with them… when our communications media are owned and controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy elites… when our citizenry lack the ability to differentiate propaganda from reality… when we allow machines provided by private corporations to count our votes using secret electronic software… then we should expect that the consequences will not be pretty or comfortable for the vast majority of our citizens.

In Part III, I explore those consequences in much greater detail, in the hope that the reader will agree with me that these are very serious problems, and that they must be successfully addressed if our country is ever to fulfill the promise of its ideals, or even make progress in that direction. When enough Americans recognize our problems as problems, stripped of the gloss and spin put on them by our oligarchy, they will rise up and do something about them. Until then there will be no progress, and we are very likely to head in the direction of all the former empires of our planet, ending in chaos, widespread catastrophe, suffering, and ignominy.

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