More than 25 legal cases have challenged President Obama’s health care law, with some landing in courts of appeals, where judges have ruled on the constitutionality of the individual mandate, a provision that requires Americans to purchase health insurance or face penalties. While district court judges have ruled along party lines, three appellate court judges have broken ranks, with two Republican appointees upholding the health care law and one Democratic appointee voting against it. The following cases are ones where the individual mandate has been challenged.

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